The word “act” denotes as well a series of acts as a single act: the word “omission” denotes as well as series of omissions as a single omission.

In every part of this Code, except where a contrary intention appears from the context, words which refer to acts done extend also to ille­gal omissions.

The words “a will” denote any testamentary document.

The words “valuable security” denote a document which is, or purports to be, a document whereby any legal right is created, extended, transferred, restricted, extin­guished or released, or where by any person acknowledges that he lies under legal liability, or has not a certain legal right.

Illustration

A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange. As the effect of this endorsement is transfer the right to the bill to any person who may become the lawful holder of it, the endorse­ment is a “valuable security”.

COMMENTS

Certificates

The certificates which are found as forged for being admitted in the college could be described as valuable security; Kansaheb Kalu Patil v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1981 SC 80: 1980 Cr LJ 1312.

¹29A. Electronic record.- The words “electronic record” shall have the meaning assigned to them in clause (t) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000.

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1. Ins. by Act 21 of 2000, sec. 91 and Sch. I, (w.e.f. 17-10-2000).